GM and Cloned Mammals
Researchers have genetically modified and cloned laboratory and farm animals and pets, including mice, chimpanzeees, pigs, cows, goats, dogs and cats.
There are serious concerns about animal welfare in both the production of GM animals and the effects of the modification, particularly because of the unpredictability inherent in the technology. There is also an ethical question about changing the genetic makeup of species and particularly mixing genes from different species.
GeneWatch UK takes the position that fundamental alteration of the genetic code of other species should not be undertaken lightly and that there should be a presumption against such modification unless there are compelling arguments to do it. These should include both the necessity of the application and a lack of acceptable alternative methods to achieve the same end.
It is important that society as a whole is engaged in the debate about what is acceptable and desirable before the technology progresses to a point where transgenic animals become a normal part of production processes and the relationship between humans and animals is changed irrevocably.
Resources
- Press articles
- MIT Technology Review: The gene-edited pig heart given to a dying patient was infected with a pig virus (4th May 2022)
- The Hastings Center: Xenotransplantation: Three Areas of Concern (19th January 2022)
- The Counter: FDA approved its first GM pig for consumption, potentially safe for red meat allergy sufferers (15th December 2020)
- Bloomberg: China and the U.S. are racing to create a 'super pig' (3rd December 2019)
- ArsTechnica: Part cow, part… bacterium? Biotech company makes heifer of gene-editing blunder (1st September 2019)
- Technology Review: Gene-edited cattle have a major screwup in their DNA (29th August 2019)
- The Harvard Gazette: Pig organs for human patients: A challenge fit for CRISPR (30th May 2018)
- The Guardian: Undoing extinction - let's talk about the mammophant in the room (22nd February 2017)
- Medium.com: How mammoth cloning became fake news (19th February 2017)
- Popular Science: No, the wooly mammoth won't actually be resurrected by 2019 (17th February 2017)
- The Guardian: Woolly mammoth on verge of resurrection, scientists reveal (16th February 2017)
- US News: What Ever Happened to Cloning? (4th August 2016)
- BioNews: Will organs from GM pigs save our bacon? (2nd November 2015)
- Radio New Zealand: Transgenic cow research branded a 'disaster' (23rd October 2015)
- MIT Technology Review: First Gene-Edited Dogs Reported in China (19th October 2015)
- Farmers Guardian: Celebs urged to boycott micropig 'trend' as animal welfare example (9th October 2015)
- Nature: Gene-editing record smashed in pigs (6th October 2015)
- The Observer: Chinese gene-modified micropig pets with 1,000 pund price spark animal rights outrage (3rd October 2015)
- MotherJones: This Scientist Might End Animal Cruelty - Unless GMO Hardliners Stop Him (July 2015)
- Nature: Super-muscly pigs created by small genetic tweak (30th June 2015)
- Daily Mail: What a porker! Scientists breed MUSCLY PIGS that could one day lead to super-lean bacon (30th June 2015)
- The Guardian: Could these piglets become Britain's first commercially viable GM animals? (23rd June 2015)
- EurActiv: Parliament demands moratorium on cloned animal products (19th June 2015)
- EurActiv: Parliament makes 'final offer' on novel foods, cloning (17th June 2015)
- San Jose Mercury News: Synthetic biologist aims to create pig with human lungs (14th November 2014)
- MIT Technology Review: On the Horns of the GMO Dilemma (2nd September 2014)
- ECNS: GM cow a step closer to commercial pastures (15th March 2014)
- Farming UK: No food from cloned animals, MEPs tell Commission (24th February 2014)
- Daily Mail: The GM monkeys that could hold the cure to DEMENTIA: Twin macaques are first created using 'cut and paste' gene-slicing technique (31st January 2014)
- BBC: China cloning on an 'industrial scale' (14th January 2014)
- UK Farming: Animal welfare groups react to EU cloning proposals (2nd January 2014)
- The Independent: Team of scientists create cloned glow-in-the-dark rabbits (12th August 2013)
- Taiwan Today: Taiwan scientist makes advances in transgenic pigs (22nd July 2013)
- The Telegraph: Scientists design 'health and safety' cow with no horns (28th April 2013)
- Belarussian Telegraph Agency: Belarusian-Russian transgenic programs for mass lactoferrin production (15th April 2013)
- Public Service Europe: Are patents on apes morally acceptable? (8th March 2013)
- BBC: Salmon steak from GM fish could soon be on your plate (23rd January 2013)
- Nature News: Politics holds back animal engineers (17th October 2012)
- BBC: GM cows make 'low allergy' milk (2nd October 2012)
- Nature News: Animals engineered with pinpoint accuracy (2nd October 2012)
- Los Angeles Times: Scientists fret over FDA slowness on genetically altered animals (1st October 2012)
- SciDevNet: First GM camels to be engineered for drug production (3rd September 2012)
- The Sunday Telegraph: Cows genetically modified to improve flavour (26th August 2012)
- Daily Mail: 'Frankenstein' meat could get go-ahead in EU: Safety fears over the use of GM animals (14th July 2012)
- Daily Mail: GM research sends animal testing to a 30-year high as nearly 4m are subject to scientific experiments (11th July 2012)
- The Telegraph: Will the first cloned British showjumper live up to his genes? (26th June 2012)
- Nature News: Model pigs face messy path (26th June 2012)
- The Telegraph: Cows genetically modified to produce healthier milk (18th June 2012)
- XinhuaNet: Genetically engineered, low-lactose dairy calf bred in China (11th June 2012)
- The Telegraph: GM lamb with healthy fish fat on Chinese menu (24th April 2012)
- Reuters: Death knell may sound for Canada's GMO pigs (2nd April 2012)
- Press Releases
- GeneWatch PR: GM animals high in omega-3 fatty acids: scientist ready to cash in via patent. GeneWatch UK response to paper published in Nature today 5th February 2004
- GeneWatch PR: GeneWatch UK condemns production of cloned GM cattle with altered milk composition 27th January 2003
- GeneWatch PR: Lords seek to fiddle figures on GM animals in UK labs 23rd July 2002
- GeneWatch PR: GeneWatch UK welcomes the Royal Society's call for all facts on GM and cloned animals to be made available to the public 9th June 2002
- GeneWatch PR: Inadequate controls causing untold suffering of GM and cloned animals 14th May 2002
- Report
- Genetically Modified and Cloned Animals. All in a Good Cause? 31st March 2002
- Briefings
- Consultation Responses
- GeneWatch response to EFSA consultation on food and feed derived from GM animals 27th September 2011
- Comments on EFSA draft opinion on meat and milk from cloned animals 28th February 2008
- Links
- The Greens EFA: Cloning for farming purposes (24th February 2015)
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WIPO: Patent Landscape Report on Animal Genetic Resources
Covering cattle, buffalo, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, camels, alpacas, chickens, ducks and turkeys. (Not fish or insects).
- The Campaign for Responsible Transplantation